International Journal of Medical Sciences (IJMS)

The current study conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study from January 2021 to September 2021 at Karbala Teaching Hospital for Children, Imam Zain El Abidine Hospital, and Imam Al-Hujjah Charitable Hospital in Karbala, Iraq. Chi-square test sample included 520 outpatients. Percentages and absolute numbers showed results. In the chi-square analysis of the results, gender, age, and the causative microorganism were highlighted and evaluated based on frequency. 312 E. coli, 102, Enterococci spp. (35 female, 67 male), and 106 Streptococci spp. (37 female, 69 male) were among the 520 (100%) positive urine cultures (154 female and 158 male). Escherichia coli was the most common pathogen (67.09%). Epidemiological profiles of microorganisms and their variables are crucial for susceptible-population studies. Such information helps the health sector plan, implement, and assess prevention, control, and treatment actions. Three multiplex and one individual PCR detected E. coli virulence biomarkers (cnf gene). 96% of strains had 1 to 9 virulence-associated genes, with fimH 96% and iucD 65% being the most common. Both strains had blaCTX-M, blaOXA, blaTEM, and blaSHV. This research shows that some E. faecium strains have a glycopeptide-resistant vanA gene. Due to the number of isolated strains, epidemiological studies and virus detection are recommended to determine if an outbreak is occurring. Medical staff carrier status limits disease spread. Among the 106 S. aureus strains isolated from hospitalised patients, 71 (66.98%) were vancomycin-resistant, giving a VRSA prevalence of 71/106. Women are more isolated than men, 100% vs. 0%. Age ranges were taken at 10-year intervals, resulting in a higher percentage of under-24-year-olds. Molecular analysis showed that all VRE isolates had the mecA gene.